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The conservation status of the wolf in Greece – Conflict issues and ways of dealing with it
By dasarxeio
The return of large carnivores to Europe in the last few decades, and the wolf in particular, marks the recovery of mountainous and semi-mountainous terrestrial ecosystems – as a result of the implementation of nature protection policies and other important socio-economic changes. The wolf as a natural predator and “key” species -keystone species- plays a particularly important role in ecosystems with the main one being the regulation and consolidation of the populations of herbivorous ungulates.
However, when large carnivores and especially the wolf coexist with human activities, coexistence is not easy. The wolf in the minds of most people beyond a symbol of wildlife is also identified with conflict and not always unjustifiably.
The recovery of the species in areas where it had disappeared for decades or maintained low populations, in recent years in Greece and other European countries has caused many reactions from breeders and hunting organizations, mainly due to attacks and losses in livestock or hunting dogs respectively or even because of the fear of wolves themselves.
This conflict is by nature quite diverse and multi-level both in its interpretation and in its treatment, as it involves issues concerning both the biological (eg complex interactions of a wolf with its prey) and the social, economic , legal and ethical parameters of the issue. This complexity is often not easily understood and there are several misconceptions that are accompanied by social tension, which makes it difficult and significantly delays the processes and collaborations for resolving and mitigating its effects.
Dealing with the conflict between the wolf and primary production or with leisure activities such as hunting, where and when it occurs, is a priority for local communities, as it directly affects and employs thousands of people – mainly producers. It is also crucial for the conservation of the wolf as without the tolerance of local communities the long survival of the species can not be ensured.
The objectives of this review-report are to provide a comprehensive and concise information on the conservation status of the wolf in Greece and the nature of the main conflict issues with reports and sources of information from Greece and the international literature, while proposing specific actions and actions that can mitigate it.
Ηλιόπουλος Γιώργος, 2018. Η κατάσταση διατήρησης του λύκου στην Ελλάδα, ζητήματα σύγκρουσης και τρόποι αντιμετώπισης (Τεχνική αναφορά), σ.79. Καλλιστώ Π.Ο Iliopoulos Y., 2018. Conservation status of the wolf in Greece, conflict issues and mitigation, (Technical Report, in Greek), pp79
I katástasi diatírisis tou lýkou stin Elláda – Zitímata sýnkrousis kai trópoi antimetópisis
By dasarxeio
I epánodos ton megálon sarkofágon stin Evrópi tis teleftaíes líges dekaetíes kai tou lýkou eidikótera, simatodoteí tin epanákampsi ton oreinón kai imioreinón chersaíon oikosystimáton- os apotélesma efarmogís politikón prostasías tis fýsis allá kai állon simantikón koinonikó-oikonomikón allagón. O lýkos os fysikós thireftís kai eídos «kleidí» -keystone species- diadramatízei idiaítera simantikó rólo sta oikosystímata me kýrio aftón tis rýthmisis kai exygíansis ton plithysmón ton fytofágon oplifóron thilastikón.
Paróla aftá, ótan ta megála sarkofága kai idiaítera o lýkos synypárchoun me anthrópines drastiriótites, i synýparxi den eínai éfkoli. O lýkos stis syneidíseis ton perissotéron anthrópon péra apó sýmvolo tis ágrias zoís taftízetai epísis me ti sýnkrousi kai óchi pánta adikaiológita.
I epanákampsi tou eídous se periochés ópou eíche exafanistheí gia dekaetíes í diatiroúse chamiloús plithysmoús, échei prokalései ta teleftaía chrónia stin Elláda kai se álles chóres tis Evrópis pollés antidráseis apó ktinotrófous kai kynigetikés organóseis, kyríos exaitías ton epithéseon kai apoleión se ktinotrofiká zóa í kynigetikoús skýlous antístoicha í akóma kai exaitías tou ídiou tou fóvou gia tous lýkous.
I sýnkrousi aftí eínai apó ti fýsi tis arketá polyschidís kai polý-epípedi tóso stin ermineía óso kai stin antimetópisí tis, kathós emplékontai zitímata pou aforoún tóso tis viologikés (p.ch. polýplokes allilepidráseis lýkou me ta thirámata tou) óso kai tis koinonikés, oikonomikés, nomikés kai ithikés paramétrous tou zitímatos. I polyplokótitá aftí sychná den gínetai éfkola antiliptí enó ypárchoun arketés paranoíseis pou synodévontai apó koinonikí éntasi, gegonós pou dyscheraínei kai kathystereí simantiká tis diadikasíes kai tis synergasíes epílysis kai metriasmoú ton epiptóseon tis.
I antimetópisi tis sýnkrousis metaxý tou lýkou kai tis protogenoús paragogís í me drastiriótites anapsychís ópos i kynigetikí drastiriótita, ópou kai ótan aftí emfanízetai apoteleí proteraiótita gia tis topikés koinoníes, kathós aforá ámesa kai apascholeí chiliádes anthrópous- kyríos paragogoús. Eínai epísis kathoristikís simasías kai gia tin diatírisi tou lýkou kathós chorís tin anochí ton topikón koinonión den boreí na exasfalistheí i makróchroni epivíosi tou eídous.
Stóchoi tis paroúsas anaskópisis-ékthesis eínai na paréchei mia synolikí allá kai synoptikí enimérosi gia tin katástasi diatírisis tou lýkou stin Elláda allá kai tin fýsi ton vasikóteron zitimáton sýnkrousis me anaforés kai pigés pliroforías apó tin Elláda allá kai tin diethní vivliografía, proteínontas taftóchrona synkekriménes dráseis kai enérgeies pou boroún na tin metriásoun.
Η κατάσταση διατήρησης του λύκου στην Ελλάδα – Ζητήματα σύγκρουσης και τρόποι αντιμετώπισης – dasarxeio.com