Wolf Prey Species in North America

Arctic Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus parryii) (Urocitellus parryii)
Journal Articles

Hierarchical habitat selection by tundra wolves. McLoughlin PD, Walton LR, Cluff HD, Paquet PC, Ramsay MA. Journal of Mammalogy. 2004 Jun

Arctic Hares (Lepus arcticus)
Journal Articles

Annual arctic wolf pack size related to arctic hare numbers. Mech LD. Arctic. 2007 Sep

Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus)
Journal Articles

Natal den selection by sympatric Arctic and red foxes on Herschel Island, Yukon, Canada. Gallant D, Reid DG, Slough BG, Berteaux D. Polar Biology. 2014 Mar

Barren-Ground Caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus)
Journal Articles

Distribution and densities of wolves within barren-ground caribou range in northern mainland Canada. Parker GR. Journal of Mammalogy. 1973 May

Beaver (Castor canadensis)
Journal Articles

Where and How Wolves (Canis lupus) Kill Beavers (Castor canadensis); Thomas D. Gable, Steve K. Windels, John G. Bruggink, Austin T. Homkes; PLOS; December 19, 2016

Bison (Bison bison)
Journal Articles

Grizzly bear, Ursus arctos, usurps bison calf, Bison bison, captured by wolves, Canis lupus, in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. MacNulty DR, Varley N, Smith DW. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 2001 Jul

Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis)
Journal Articles

A review of predation on bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis). Sawyer H, Lindzey F. Laramie, USA: Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; 2002

Black Bear (Ursus americanus)
Journal Articles

Interactions of wolves and black bears in northeastern Minnesota. Rogers LL, Mech LD. Journal of Mammalogy. 1981 May

Boreal Woodland Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)
Journal Articles

Managing wolves (Canis lupus) to recover threatened woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in Alberta. Hervieux D, Hebblewhite M, Stepnisky D, Bacon M, Boutin S. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 2014 Nov

Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus)
Journal Articles

Effects of risk assessment, predator behavior, and habitat on escape behavior in Columbian black-tailed deer. Stankowich T, Coss RG. Behavioral Ecology. 2006 Dec

Dall sheep (Ovis dalli) alaska, northern yukon, northwest territories
Journal Articles

Population density of Dall’s sheep in Alaska: effects of predator harvest?. Mitchell CD, Chaney R, Aho K, Kie JG, Bowyer RT. Mammal Research. 2015 Jan

eastern cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus)

Elk (Cervus canadensis)
Journal Articles – North América

Journal Articles – Yellowstone

Factors affecting gray wolf (Canis lupus) encounter rate with elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park. Martin HW, Mech LD, Fieberg J, Metz MC, MacNulty DR, Stahler DR, Smith DW. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 2018 May

Grasshoppers

Lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus)
Journal Articles – Nearctic

Exploring the diet of arctic wolves (Canis lupus arctos) at their northern range limit. Dalerum F, Freire S, Angerbjörn A, Lecomte N, Lindgren Å, Meijer T, Pečnerová P, Dalén L. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 2017 Oct

American pine marten (Martes americana)

American mink (Neovison vison)

Moose (Alces alces)
Journal Articles – North América

Journal Articles – Isle Royale

The wolves of Isle Royale display scale‐invariant satiation and ratio‐dependent predation on moose. Jost C, Devulder G, Vucetich JA, Peterson RO, Arditi R. Journal of Animal Ecology. 2005 Sep

Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus)
Journal Articles

Wolf, Canis lupus, predation and maternal defensive behavior in mountain goats, Oreamnos americanus. Cote SD, Peracino A, Simard G. Canadian Field Naturalist. 1997 Jun

Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus)
Journal Articles

Detection and avoidance of predators in white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (O. hemionus). Lingle S, Wilson WF. Ethology. 2001 Feb

Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus; Inuktitut: ᐅᒥᖕᒪᒃ, umingmak)
Journal Articles

Possible use of foresight, understanding, and planning by wolves hunting muskoxen. Mech LD. Arctic. 2007 Jun

North American porcupine (Erethizon dorsatum)
Journal Articles

Traumatic, degenerative, and developmental lesions in wolves and coyotes from Saskatchewan. Wobeser G. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 1992 Apr

Peary caribou (Rangifer tarandus pearyi)
Journal Articles

Responses of Arctic Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) to Changing Climate Conditions. Mallory, C., 2019

Porcupine Caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti)
Journal Articles

Predation rate by wolves on the Porcupine caribou herd. Hayes RD, Russell DE. Rangifer. 2000 Apr

Roosevelt elk (Cervus canadensis roosevelti)
Journal Articles

Preliminary observations on seasonal movements and habitat use by Vancouver Island Roosevelt elk. Janz DW. InWestern States Elk Workshop. Minist. Environ., Victoria, BC 1980 Feb

Sitka Black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis)
Journal Articles

Relationships between Sitka black-tailed deer and their habitat. Hanley TA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-168. Portland, OR: US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 27 p. 1984

Snow goose (Anser caerulescens)
Journal Articles

Diet of Arctic Wolves on Banks and Northwest Victoria Islands, 1992-2001. Larter NC. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories; 2013

Snowshoe Hare (Lepus americanus)
Journal Articles

Refining the equation for interpreting prey occurrence in gray wolf scats. Weaver JL. The Journal of Wildlife Management. 1993 Jul

Stone’s Sheep Ovis dalli stonei)
Journal Articles

Habitat selection by female Stone’s sheep in relation to vegetation, topography, and risk of predation. Walker AB, Parker KL, Gillingham MP, Gustine DD, Lay RJ. Ecoscience. 2007 Mar

Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis)
Journal Articles

Timing and causes of mortality in the endangered Vancouver Island marmot (Marmota vancouverensis). Bryant AA, Page RE. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 2005 May

River Otter (Lutra canadensis)
Journal Articles

An incident of wolf, Canis lupus, predation on a river otter, Lutra canadensis, in Minnesota. Route WT, Peterson RO. Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa ON. 1991

Uinta ground squirrels (Urocitellus armatus)
Journal Articles

Climate driven variability in the demography and physiology of the Uinta ground squirrel (Doctoral dissertation, Colorado State University. Libraries). Falvo, C., 2018